towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common

Towns and cities along the West African coastline have become prominent as important contributors to national gross domestic products (GDPs). Oil and gas exploration is the main exploratory activity that occurs in the Niger Delta region. We provide you with the latest breaking news. Apart from the Island areas; other places in the mainland such as Oworonshoki (Third Mainland Bridge axis) and areas of Ikorodu have been undergoing extensive land reclamation for developmental purpose. Investigations show that some developers evade the process wantonly, thus, land reclamation is often resulting to flooding, human displacement, building collapse, large displacement of the marine sediments and the development of mud-waves as well as the disruption of the oceans ecosystem. Rehabilitation: we are trying to restore the original ecosystem but it cannot fully be restored because most of the species had gone extinct. In the Niger Delta area many people prefer building their houses close to the river because of the serene environment, for example the land and sea breeze that flow into the area. Hydraulic reclamation method is a wet method that is used when fill material is obtained from an offshore borrow source. Industries also flock around coastal areas because of the ease of transportation of goods and equipments. After this has been done, the place is covered with clay or dirt until it gets to the height that is required. But due to increase in population size through births and emigrations the town no longer has enough space to accommodate the increasing population. Land reclamation, also called reclamation is the process of creating new land from ocean or riverbeds. These areas are naturally covered with water during high tides, but are filled with soil and consolidated to prevent tidal flooding during high tide. Land reclamation and excessive tree felling have seen China's mangrove forests shrink from 500,000 hectares in the 1950s to 150,000 hectares today. Speaking during an interview with Punch, the state Commissioner for Information and Strategy, Kehinde Bamigbetan said that the Environmental Impact Assessment, EIA report on the project had taken care of future negative impact on the environment, adding that the Lagos state government, as a responsible government, carried out comprehensive EIA before embarking on massive land reclamation going on in the coastal areas of the state. This could lead to the death of soil dwelling organisms. Nigeria has a land mass area of 923,768 km and places a broad and high significance on land reclamation. Our team is growing all the time, so were always on the lookout for smart people who want to help us reshape the world of scientific publishing. This is because the adventitious roots of the mangrove forest serve as tidal breaks. An example is the establishment of the liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant in Bonny Island in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. This situation thus necessitated the reclamation of coastal areas to create more space for human habitation. Succession is an ecological process, which is a change in species composition of communities over time. For instance, Singapore has planned to expand by 810 hectares; a move that will make the countrys land area one per cent bigger in terms of size. Land reclamation Boskalis is a global expert in sustainable and cost-competitive land reclamation. It is crucial to the environment's welfare both now and in the future. Nevertheless, land utilization is influenced by nature and characteristics of soil, soil moisture and temperature, topography and land location, flora, fauna and climate. from lands, the diking and draining of tidal marshes, the smoothing and re-vegetation of strip-mine spoil areas [8]. 1 However, this right to own immovable property like every other right is not absolute but subject to certain qualifications. For instance, oil field that is established in mangrove swamp. The developed islands worth is estimated at N40 billion and it is planned in a way that would accommodate a population of 25,000 people and it is also expected to play significant role as regards trade and economic activities within the axis and Lagos generally. Land reclamation has been a common practice to produce valuable land in coastal areas. Similarly, the contamination of surface and ground water with used engine oil can pollute the ground water aquifer, thus affecting neighboring community that drink water from bore hole and hand dug well. Specifically, the mangrove root network hosts fish, shellfish, crabs, snakes, etc. Logging activities destroys plant cover along the coast and creates a passage for people to enter to hunt for rare animals or harvest wild plant species. Also narrating his challenges, Loko Joseph, noted that the activity did not only disrupt their source of surviving income; he also lamented that the situation of the waterway around the site of the reclamation exercise has destroyed their fishing facilities. UNITED KINGDOM, Landscape Reclamation - Rising From What's Left, Reasons for land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Impact of land reclamation on mangrove and coastal environment, Impact of landscape reclamation on marine ecosystem, The role of human ecology in land reclamation. Transition from mangrove to terrestrial location occurs by natural process. Artificial islands are an example of land reclamation. This process is called artificial seedling recruitment on reclaimed land [16]. It should be noted that land reclamation activity is not a contemporary practice in Lagos, it is an age-long practice that is dated to the 60s in Nigerias economic capital. ( See also city; urban planning .) Seventy percent of our mangrove forests are gone, endangering this important ecosystem and causing many species to lose their habitats and breeding grounds. This process of land reclamation is known as infilling while the materials used for it is known infilll. For example, one Francis Ajagun who used to rake in N3,000 daily from fishing said that the reclamation exercise has cut off the main source of daily bread from him, noting that since the activity started, he has not earned a dime; and this makes life very frustrating for him, his wife and three kids. This estimate was made using Arc GIS [9]. It is also gathered that China also reclaimed 13,455 hectares of land from the sea in 2010; and this has some multiplier effects on the economy of the communist state as it earned over 7.82 billion yuan in revenue for the government, among other socio-economic results it yielded. There's money to be made in moving land to the right place. Coastal sites are preferred by land speculators because they usually off-city limits and isolated from the rest of the population. The government sometimes forcefully acquires coastal areas from the native community, remove the mangrove forest and sand fill the area in other to establish projects beneficial to the public. The Government also ordered the immediate cessation of all ongoing works, construction, reclamation and other similar activities in respect of extension approvals granted or being processed at Banana Island and Osborne Foreshore, Ikoyi. Mangrove litter decomposes to form manure, which further consolidates the soil structure [15]. Direct dumping is the process used when the sea bed is deep or when the underlying seabed is soft. The surrounding coastal area that was dredged and reclaimed was twice the existing land surface. The white patch indicates the sand filled area while the green patches indicates mangrove forest that is still standing. Since the state Mined Land Reclamation Law was enacted in 1975, DEC has issued more than 4,800 mining permits and more than 3,000 mines have been reclaimed . The loss to the environment is permanent and enormous because for over 34years no coastal species had grown in this area. The side of the sand filled area was piled up to form balkanization against the inflow of river water. Sand mines are often abandoned after some years of operation. Nigeria, officially known as the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country that is located on the western coast of Africa. It is the returning of lands to an improved state. Physical land covers all the earth including land surface, sub-surface, under water and super surface (atmosphere). There is nowhere along this zone that is more than 200 meters. Introductory Chapter: Landscape Reclamation as a K Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria. Regrettably, the space of public opinion can be overtly toxic to the point that cynics, mischief-makers and political opportunist ride overboard. The sponsors are also of the view that it would make considerable impact in the economic development of Lagos and Nigeria due to its strategic location. Jakarta, the fastest sinking city in the world, made a plan in 2014 to tackle rising sea levels and subsidence. Another importance of land reclamation in Nigeria is that it can be used to create artificial islands where they have not existed before. In South Korea, as at 2006, statistics shows that 1,550 square kilometers of wetlands (representing 38 percent) were reclaimed at Saemangeum. Imperial City is also a new reclaimed land that covers about 200 hectares of land at the back of Lekki Phase one. The white patches sum up to give a total of 4.2 million m2 of mangroves removed in 1984. The latter is derived from coastal activities such as oil and gas, shipping, fishing, tourism and commerce. Despite grassroots communities, activists, environmentalists and local NGOs holding strikes to protest against large-scale land reclamation, the state governments of Penang, Melaka and Johor are backing these controversial island-making projects for reasons of economic growth. Therefore, the best option is to remediate it so that it will carry out its ecological functions even if it results to another landform. Giving grim report of the matter, he said: All I do these days is to hang around the neighbourhood and hope that the tide increases so I can go out to fish. Publishing on IntechOpen allows authors to earn citations and find new collaborators, meaning more people see your work not only from your own field of study, but from other related fields too. Over population is a major factor that had led to the extension of cities beyond coastal limits. Salt marshes and mangrove forests that line the coasts in temperate and tropical regions respectively are also endangered because of human desire to live and do business along coasts through the execution of different coastal development projects; land subsidence from oil and gas drilling and dams that hold back marsh-building sediments [17, 18]. The damage to coastal areas is far more extensive, physically," he told the BusinessMirror in a telephone interview on June 6. An example is Buguma, an island town in the Niger Delta, which formerly had less than 100,000 people, but over the years rose to over 300,000 people. The palms are to be bulldozed with swamp buggies, mangrove top soil exported and seedlings planted to start a pioneer species in a mangrove protected area where no landscape reclamation activity occurs (Figure 10). Notify me of follow-up comments by email. According to the former deputy vice Chancellor, (Academic and Research), University of Lagos, Prof. Babajide Alo, land reclamation without due Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) could lead to serious environmental degradation. According to them, the city has long been vulnerable to flood in recent times, while environmental safeguards have continued to be weakened. So far in this location thousands of houses had been built, which houses over half a million persons. According to him, the ideal way is for the Ministries of Waterfront Infrastructure Development and Physical Planning and Urban Development to lead a Lagos Lagoon Management Plan, a 30-year master plan that will detail the usage, preservation and envision what Lagos Lagoon will look like in the next three decades. The major purpose of land reclamation is to restore degraded land, but in the Niger Delta land reclamation is used to acquire land from coastal communities for the purpose of expanding land surface for construction of houses for human habitation. This means areas that had been cleared and sand filled could be opened up again to be interconnected with the river, so that it will gradually become alive and revert to its original form [11]. Liverpool moved into the Premier League's top six as goals from Virgil van Dijk and Mohamed Salah deepened Wolves' relegation fears with a 2-0 defeat at Anfield. Abuja, a planned city in the centre of the country, has been the official capital of Nigeria since 1991, although some government offices remain in Lagos, the former capital. The governments position was contained in a statement jointly signed by the Commissioner for Physical Planning and Urban Development, Dr. Idris Salako and his counterpart in the Ministry of Waterfront Infrastructure Development, Kabiru Ahmed Abdullahi. sea-side resort, roads, houses, light poles and shopping malls. This is encapsulated in the Land Use Act promulgated in 1978, which states that all lands in Nigeria belong to the Federal Government, this include but not limited to under-water land that is 200 nautical miles from the shore. Map of some areas around Port Harcourt that had been converted from coastal to terrestrial area. This is the reclamation of a river for the purpose of constructing roads, residential quarters and industries [4]. The state noted that there has been increasing and continuing degradation of the Lagos shoreline as a result of indiscriminate illegal dredging, reclamation and land extensions into the Lagos Lagoon. Coast of Africa dumping is the reclamation of coastal areas from the rest of the mangrove network. White patches sum up to give a total of 4.2 million m2 of removed. That is located on the western coast of Africa areas to create artificial islands they. Has long been vulnerable to flood in recent times, while Environmental safeguards have continued to be in. And shopping malls breeding grounds every other right is not absolute but subject to qualifications! Purpose of constructing roads, residential quarters and industries [ 4 ] to be.! University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria domestic products ( GDPs ) root network hosts fish,,. In this location thousands of houses had been converted from coastal activities such as oil and exploration. 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